The activity of Russian residents interested in the detailed calculation of utility bills per capita is constantly increasing. Many have installed individual devices for metering electricity, gas, water, and heat. The question arises about the need for the presence of ODPU in apartment buildings.
The meaning of this abbreviation is “common house metering devices”. Such a device is a counter that determines the total amount of resource expended, for example, electricity. Often the ODPU performs the function of the distribution structure of an apartment building. The latter, of course, does not mean a separate entrance, but the entire building.
ODPU functions
Experts are of the opinion that individual meters are not effective without OPDU. The interpretation of this statement consists of the following points.
- The ability to compare readings is necessary to monitor the operation of communication systems.
- Improving formulas for calculating payments for utility services by the population.
- Determination of leaks, analysis of resource supply parameters (temperature, pressure). OPDU allows you to determine who will bear losses in case of system violations (the management company or the installer organization).
Based on these points, it becomes clear what ODPU is in housing and communal services.
What is ODPU: decoding.
And the building's thermal energy metering devices are included in the UI.
The court ordered the UO to install the heat ODPU in accordance with paragraphs. “k” p. Thanks to this, balancing the balance for all consumers turns out to be very convenient. Installation and testing of ODPU
The activity of Russian residents interested in per capita detailing is constantly increasing.
Many have installed individual devices for metering electricity, gas, water, and heat. The question arises about the need for the presence of ODPU in apartment buildings. The meaning of this abbreviation is “common house metering devices”. Such a device is a counter that determines the total amount of resource expended, for example, electricity.
Often the ODPU performs the function of the distribution structure of an apartment building. The latter, of course, does not mean a separate entrance, but the entire building. Experts are of the opinion that individual meters are not effective without OPDU.
The interpretation of this statement consists of the following points. The ability to compare readings is necessary for monitoring the operation of communication systems. Improvement
Characteristics and types of ODPU
Mostly ODPU are installed in the basements of houses. Such devices include general metering devices for hot and cold water, as well as thermal energy and electricity.
Companies involved in commissioning work offer a variety of options for installing ODPU. Decoding their proposals includes not only complex work on establishing the functioning of metering devices, but also auxiliary materials.
For example, in addition to the thermal energy meter, which is called an ultrasonic flow meter, water consumption, a unit is installed that takes into account the automatic regulation of the heating system. Along with the electricity meter, a device is installed that monitors consumption.
Ultimately, three main options are offered, which consist in installing an ODPU without additional control and data transmission elements, or with the inclusion of auxiliary equipment in the system.
Maintenance of common house metering devices: list of services and payment procedure
Common house metering devices (CDMU) are used to record the consumption of water, gas, electricity or thermal energy in the entire apartment building. Today, their installation cannot be called a whim; it is a necessity dictated by law.
It has been in operation for six years, but equipping apartment buildings with such meters is extremely slow. In this article you will learn:
- What are the features of installing communal metering devices?
- Who pays for the maintenance of communal metering devices?
- What is maintenance of common house metering devices?
- In what order is the ODPU checked and replaced?
- What is the liability for poor quality maintenance of common house metering devices?
- Who provides maintenance of communal metering devices in apartment buildings.
- Who pays for the installation of the ODPU.
- What services are included in the maintenance of common house metering devices?
Using ODPU in apartment buildings: decoding, calculation of tariffs, rules for installing and removing data
Installing communal metering devices on houses is not a whim today, but a necessity.
The relevant law has been in force for almost six years, but the supply of appliances to apartment buildings is proceeding at a very slow pace. From the beginning of 2020, it was decided to speed up the process: the government issued a law stating that in the absence of the ODPU, increasing coefficients would be applied to consumers.
What it is? A common house metering device (ODPU) is a meter that can be used to determine the costs of water, gas, electricity, and heat energy.
Sometimes, in addition to the main accounting function, the device also performs a distribution function.
Electricity consumption meters
What is ODPU of electricity? They are divided, like individual metering devices, into one-, two- and multi-tariff. The latter is now the most popular option, as it allows you to reduce the cost of expenses at night, late evening and daytime. The installation price of such a meter is significantly higher, but it quickly pays for itself.
There are three tariffs: night – 23-7 hours; half-peak – 10-17, 21-23; peak – 7-10, 17-21 hours.
How do you pay for different types of meters? The instrument shows the difference between its indicator and the sum for all apartments. The result obtained is divided among all residents. If there are many tariffs, then each one separately.
The best option for checking and maintaining meters is the periodic visit of specialists who installed them. However, such work can be carried out by trained people from the house management company. Sometimes, in order to identify organizations that are dishonest and incorrectly recording readings, based on a complaint from residents who have identified an obvious overestimation of the tariff, an organization engaged in the supply of electricity or an authorized person - a representative of payers - checks. In this case, the data is reconciled with receipts. For example, electricity for general needs cannot jump sharply, by 2 times, just like that, depending on the season. This situation requires immediate investigation.
Installation of ODPU
Even before June 2013 inclusive, the Russian government obliged everyone to install ODPU. The need for this process is explained clearly in Federal Law No. 261.
It consists of implementing tasks aimed at energy saving. Installation is carried out after a meeting of all residents and voting; a protocol is drawn up based on the results. If it is impossible to pay for the installation immediately, the management company collects money in installments. The organization, in the absence of residents’ initiative, can decide on the installation itself, and if they resist, do it forcibly through the court. All costs associated with the purchase and installation, as well as maintenance of the ODPU are paid by the owners.
By law, the management company is obliged to inform residents once a year about approaches aimed at energy saving, develop options for action and present them to a meeting. In addition to the above methods, the installation of ODPU can be offered by resource providers, that is, organizations that supply light, heat, etc.
Supply of thermal energy to ODPU buildings
The installation of ODPU thermal energy is gradually gaining momentum. Back in 2009, due to the growing costs of heating buildings, a law was passed requiring the presence of such devices in them.
They are also required to install individual heat meters. Delay in this matter may result in a fine. Their acquisition is also decided by the owners at a general meeting, and they also need to choose a specialist in this area.
How are utility fees determined?
Calculation of payment for utility bills is formed based on the totality of all metering devices. There is a special EIR formula that varies depending on the type of resources consumed. For example, the amount of payment for water supply is calculated taking into account the following indicators: the consumed amount of resource according to the EDP indicators is divided by the amount of hot or cold water spent from an individual meter and indicators according to standards, if there are premises not equipped with a meter. The resulting number is multiplied by the tariff and again by the indicator from the individual meter.
How are tariffs calculated for ODPU
In addition to the consumption of resources consumed directly to provide apartments and accounted for by individual meters, in any building there are places used by all residents - rooms for storing equipment, strollers, corridors, staircases and others.
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Household devices for monitoring the resources used make it possible to calculate the cost indicators for the maintenance of such premises and the amount of the required payment.
To calculate such costs, the following formula is used:
Rho = (P – Rind)×T,
wherein:
- Rho – the estimated amount of payment for the maintenance of public places;
- P – total flow rate determined by ODPU;
- Rind is the total consumption of energy resources based on the readings of individual metering devices;
- T – the size of the tariff for the corresponding resources.
In order to interest residents in purchasing and using ODPU, the state, in addition to tariffs, provides for the use of increasing coefficients assigned to residents of buildings that do not have communal meters installed.
Some nuances of paying for common household needs
What additional factors can influence the indicators of TDPU? To begin with, it should be noted that when calculating the volume of resource consumed, the MOP meters of the common structural elements of the house (entrances, platforms) are not such. The use of such devices as general use is not provided for by law.
If commercial organizations are located in a residential building, then either their costs do not go through the administrative budget and are calculated separately, or the required amount is deducted from the total indicator.
The statement that everyone else pays for the willful defaulter is not always correct. For example, when calculating total electricity, its indicator is still subtracted from the entire amount. If the debtor does not transmit information on meters, then the data for him is compiled according to the approved tariffs.
Doubt about the reality of the rent amount
For all structures and residents who monitor the procedure for paying utility bills and spending resources, it is useful to have such equipment in the house. General household appliances are equivalent to putting things in order, EDP = comfort. The Russian Federation is one of those countries where legislators understand this and have a desire to create transparent relations in the housing and communal services sector, understandable to the owners of an apartment building. It should be clear to people what they are paying for and how the items on the receipts are formed. To achieve the set objectives, it is necessary to install an ODPU.
If situations arise where there is a misunderstanding of the formation of the amount in the receipt, you can request clarification from the management company by submitting a special application. In it, point by point, indicate the need to clarify how the calculation was carried out with the formula and values; what are the volumes according to general and individual meters; is there an ODPU in the house and is it sealed; are there connections for non-residential premises; what tariffs were calculated at?
If the management company refuses this request, then it is breaking the law. Such an organization can already be suspected of concealing important information and fraud. To reduce such opportunities, companies install ODPU. Deciphering their meaning is to provide additional opportunities for special services to quickly compare the indicators recorded by management companies with real ones.
What is ODPU in a receipt for utilities
› › › The abbreviation ODPU appeared in our legislation 9 years ago. But still not all residents of apartment buildings in our country know about this concept.
The installation of ODPU throughout the country has become a mandatory requirement, failure to comply with which can lead to overpayments by residents for utilities. Let's find out what is meant by this concept, what are its features, how does it affect payment bills and whether it is possible not to install the device. ODPU stands for common house metering devices. The concept is no longer a novelty, since it was back on November 21, 2009.
was adopted.” It states that owners of premises in apartment buildings are required to install meters before July 1, 2012. But this process is slow and, as we can see, has not been completed to this day.
Therefore, in April 2013, by Government Decree No. 344
