Repair
Repairing an apartment or house involves carrying out internal or external construction and finishing work without changing the configuration of the premises and its engineering systems. You can change the color and material of the walls, floors and ceilings. Replace plumbing products and electrical appliances. Replace doors and windows with new ones.
Repairs are considered to be work that does not make changes to the floor plan of the apartment. For example, you can replace wooden windows with plastic ones or replace an old toilet model. But you need to put the new toilet in the same place where the old one was. Moving it to another place is already a reconstruction, and its implementation already requires permits and approvals.
Reorganization
Redevelopment is a process that results in changes being made to the utility networks of a house or apartment. Gas and electrical networks, water supply, sewerage and ventilation systems are considered engineering.
For example, moving a kitchen sink from one corner of the kitchen to another, with the laying of additional water and sewer pipes, is considered a refurbishment, and laying an additional cable to install another outlet in the room is also considered. It seems like a simple job, which is often done during cosmetic repairs, but this change in the electrical network must also be coordinated.
The reconstruction must be approved by the relevant service (for example, moving a gas stove - at the regional gas supply organization), and all changes must be made to the apartment plan and approved by the BTI.
Redevelopment
Redevelopment is a change in the configuration of a room. Complete or partial dismantling of walls and partitions and erection of new ones, adding or eliminating window and door openings, changing their sizes. You can even move supporting structures or change their configuration.
So, if you want to combine the kitchen with the living room by cutting an additional doorway in the wall between them, this is a classic redevelopment. Transforming an open loggia into a warm living space is the same.
Before carrying out redevelopment, the project for future changes must be approved by local authorities. Read about what documents you will need, how and where to coordinate them in the special material.
Reconstruction
Reconstruction is usually called a change in the technical characteristics and general parameters of an object. It involves changing the number of storeys of the house, constructing superstructures and extensions, and changing engineering systems. Load-bearing structures can be restored and repaired during reconstruction, but not replaced.
Reconstruction is a broader concept than redevelopment, although the two terms are often confused. The reconstruction process may include redevelopment, refurbishment, and repairs. Naturally, to carry out reconstruction, before it begins, you need to calculate and approve the project, and after that, coordinate and approve the changes made in all authorities.
Commissioning after reconstruction
After all work has been carried out, in accordance with the approved reconstruction plan, it is necessary to obtain permission to put into operation the facility with changed parameters. To do this, the owner will also need to collect a package of documents, headed by an application, to which new technical documentation is attached. This is necessary to confirm that the reconstructed facility meets safety requirements and meets design documentation. Submission of documents after reconstruction is mandatory, since changes are required to the Unified State Register of Rights to Real Estate.
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Despite the fact that the reconstruction of residential buildings, in accordance with the town planning code of the Russian Federation, requires preliminary coordination and approval, in fact, many owners carry out it without permission, completing the legalization procedure after the fact. Such actions are acceptable, but in practice they lead to loss of time by the owner in the process of obtaining all the necessary documents.
How to legalize the reconstruction of a private house depends on how well the changes made comply with the standards and rules for safe operation. Safety is the main point of all requirements, which must be fulfilled during the process of restructuring and modernization of the facility. If you have already made changes to the design of the house, as a result of which the area, number of floors, capacity or throughput of the building has changed, then this also needs to be agreed upon and approved.
The most rational option would be to contact a design and construction organization that develops plans. Invite a competent specialist to inspect the building to ensure compliance with standards and safety requirements. The employee should pay special attention to load-bearing structures - walls, beams, floor slabs, which must fulfill their function. If the basic requirements are met, the specialist will develop a reconstruction plan, which will reflect the changes already made. Further, the approval process in government authorities will be the same as for regular approval before the start of repair and construction work.
What is the difference between reconstruction and redevelopment
- During reconstruction, you can change the configuration of the room by adding some areas (extensions, floors, additional rooms). Redevelopment is carried out within the original existing area, which remains unchanged
- During reconstruction, you can work with both the foundation (if you are reconstructing a private house) and the facade. For example, insulate it or make it ventilated. Redevelopment concerns work only indoors
- The reconstruction does not affect changes in the load-bearing structures of the building. The task of reconstruction is to restore worn-out parts of the building and return the load-bearing elements to their original design parameters. For example: once a doorway was cut into a load-bearing wall and a redevelopment was made. Later, this doorway was bricked or filled with concrete so that the original properties of the load-bearing wall were restored. This is already a reconstruction
- Reconstruction in most cases involves complete or partial replacement of utility networks. Redevelopment may not affect these communications
To put it simply: let's say you want to add a second floor or a residential attic to your one-story cottage - this is a reconstruction. And if you want to make two from one large room by building a partition, this is a redevelopment. And if after the redevelopment you are going to extend additional electrical cables into the second room for sockets and chandeliers - reorganization.
Procedure
Measures to improve technical and economic indicators, arrangement of new and expansion of existing residential areas in the house require engineering studies and execution of appropriate documentation.
Without the necessary documents, a building cannot participate in purchase and sale transactions that require a certificate from the BTI and a valid technical plan with a written explanation for it.
The Housing and Communal Code, as well as other regulatory documents, will help you learn how to obtain permission to reconstruct a private house.
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In order for a building reconstruction project to be carried out according to all standards and legalized, it is necessary to go through several stages:
- technical expertise with the formation of a list of required reconstruction measures;
- design of a private house project with all sections;
- strengthening the foundation and remodeling the premises;
- modernization of engineering communications;
- insulation and renovation of the facade;
- roof extensions and reconstruction;
- finishing and decoration of the facade and interior.
The rules for the reconstruction of a private house are designed to ensure the safety and compliance of all buildings with technical standards.
Normative base
The Housing Code of the Russian Federation is one of the main documents regulating reconstruction and redevelopment. Particular attention should be paid to chapter 4. There are only 5 articles that describe in detail how to apply for redevelopment, why they may be refused, and what the consequences of violating these laws will be.
Also pay attention to the Federal Law of the Russian Federation “Technical Regulations on the Safety of Buildings and Structures” dated December 30, 2009. It, like Yandex, contains everything: from fire safety requirements to air quality and microclimate.
Article 246 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation and Chapter 6 of the Housing Code of the Russian Federation will remind you that property that is in shared ownership can only be disposed of with the consent of all owners. Therefore, painting the facade of a house pink will only work in dreams or in a dream. Common property, after all.
Funds for reconstruction
Most often, all work related to reconstruction and construction is carried out by the owners at their own expense. However, some families have the right to carry out these works thanks to preferential funds. For example, if it is possible to cash out maternity capital.
EVERYONE NEEDS TO KNOW THIS:
How to avoid paying for major repairs legally?
The procedure is formalized only after a positive decision is made by the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation, for which you need to submit a corresponding application there, which should be accompanied by a state-issued certificate and documents on the restoration of the house. If the Pension Fund approves the application, then funds from maternity capital will be transferred to the personal account in two stages:
- An amount of no more than half of the unspent funds will be transferred. It will be available for withdrawal for two months after the application is approved.
- After six months from the start of the first payment, you can withdraw the remaining money. At the same time, you will need to confirm with documents the fact of reconstruction of the house.
You can find even more information about this by watching this video.:
How to obtain consent for reconstruction/redevelopment?
To carry out reconstruction or redevelopment, your intentions will first have to be agreed with the local government. There are very few documents, so there should be no hassle in collecting them. So, prepare the following papers:
1. Application in the approved form
2. Title documents for residential premises
3. A completed and duly executed reconstruction or redevelopment project
4. Technical passport of the residential premises
*5. Consent in writing of all family members who occupy the premises (if you are not the owner)
*6. Special permission for reconstruction or redevelopment (if the residential premises or house are historical, architectural or cultural monuments)
The decision whether to have a combined bathroom in the apartment or not will be made within 45 days. It will take another 3 business days to receive the relevant document. And finally, consent to redevelopment is in your hands!
How to legalize unauthorized reconstruction/redevelopment?
What to do if you do change the layout without permission (we strongly do not recommend doing this: there is a high risk of harming not only yourself, but also those around you)? According to the law, you can go to court and prove that the demolished wall or combined bathroom does not violate the rights and interests of other citizens, and does not threaten their life and health. If this is true, there is a high probability that the Housing Inspectorate will cooperate.
Now that you understand the difference between these things, you can safely begin to change your home. If you change it yourself, work according to the principle “measure twice, cut once.” This is a serious matter. But it will be easier to turn to an engineer, designer or architect. Save time and nerves.
List of documents for permission to reconstruct a semi-detached house
Hello, Ekaterina! If your father can get your grandmother to resolve the issue on the part of your employer, then you are “offered” over her - they simply compensate her. In this regard, you can, of course, declare to the heirs how the opportunity to participate in the program can be foreclosed on. Perhaps the court will compensate for the damage and it is necessary to find out what they have freedom in just a part. If there is a refusal - a clause on the presentation of demands, the legality of bringing through the court to collect funds from the defendant by filing an application to the court in the district court. If you file a claim in court for recognition of your application, a civil contract (the date indicated on your copy) is not enough. In the claim, you will prove that they will not answer you and we are talking about requesting evidence that it will not entail the distribution of the essential needs of the spouses’ property. Therefore, it is necessary to contact a notary and meet the deadline for registering the third and, in case of illegality, apply to the city court. Otherwise, the consent of the spouse is required. Sincerely, Kharchenko O V.
This is important to know: Movable and immovable property: the concept of difference
What documents must be provided to obtain permission for an extension to a semi-detached house? Do I have to provide design documentation? The Town Planning Code states that design documentation is not required for individual housing construction, do I fit into this category?
